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| Banda Detachment it is one of the biggest faults in the Earth |
Grownnews: Canberra - A
gaping trench in the sea floor in the Banda Sea in eastern Indonesia. The rip
in the earth's crust was it about 7.2 kilometers and the area reaches 60
thousand square kilometers, or about the size of the region of Tasmania,
Australia. The
geologists have recently discovered that the fracture they called Banda
Detachment it is one of the biggest faults in the Earth - through the Ring of
Fire or the area in the Pacific Ocean where large numbers of earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions occur.
According
to the US Geological Survey (USGS) about 90 percent of earthquake that occurred
in the world and 81 percent of the greatest earthquakes on Earth occur along
the Ring of Fire. Even with 75 percent of volcanic eruptions. The
Pacific Ring of Fire past New Zealand, the top of the Australian continent,
parts of Indonesia, Japan, and then to the West Coast region of the United
States before ending up at the bottom of South America.
A
number of recent earthquake events proved the vulnerability of the Ring of
Fire. On 22 November 2016, an earthquake of 6.9 on the Richter scale rocked
Fukushima Prefecture, Japan followed a mini tsunami. Meanwhile,
on Wednesday, December 7, 2016 at 5:03 pm, an earthquake measuring 6.5 on the
Richter scale menggucang partially Aceh. More than 100 people died from it.
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| The mosque is still standing forged tsunami in Aceh, Source: ABC.net) |
And,
the world has not forgotten undersea earthquake measuring 9.1 on the Richter
scale triggered a tsunami that hit a number of beaches in the Indian Ocean,
including Aceh which killed more than 200 thousand people. However,
the most catastrophic earthquakes that occur along the Ring of Fire on Sunday,
May 22, 1960. At that time, an earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale shook
Chile.
According
to senior faculty and the Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering at the University
of Technology Sydney, Behzad Fetahi, boundary tectonic plates meet in the Ring
of Fire. "They
are engaged with each other and push each other, it is one of the most active
area," he said, as quoted by News.com.au, Thursday (15/12/2016).
Predicting
the Future Disaster
Research
on Banda Detachment conducted by a team of geologists from the Australian
National University and Royal Holloway University of London. The
team studied a map of the seabed in the Banda Sea in the Pacific Ocean before
extrapolating with field activities in formulating their hypothesis.
The
fractures in the Banda Sea is predicted to cause the earthquake and tsunami
that is estimated to be catastrophic - not only because it is located in the
Ring of Fire. Earthquakes that occur around the deep ravine that could make
shift (slip), triggering more violent tremor in the surrounding islands.
An
abrupt shift in the abyss that can release energy in the form of waves, causing
an earthquake more powerful. Over
the decades, it has emerged a variety of questions about how the troughs formed
in the Banda Sea. "The
trough has been known to exist for 90 years, but until now no one could explain
why he is so deep," said lead researcher from the Australian National
University, Jonathan Pownall.
The
researchers identified that the trough in Banda Detachment was created by the
subduction of the past - when a tectonic plate moves beneath another plate, is
forced down, pushed through the crust into the mantle. Dr.
Pownall hope these findings will help the various parties to assess the
potential danger of tsunami and earthquakes in the future.
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| Not only beautiful, the Banda Sea was a mystery deepest ocean trench in Indonesia. |
"In
the extreme tsunami risk areas, knowledge about fracture (fault) is great as
Banda Detachment - the risk of causing a massive earthquake when shifting - is
fundamental to be able to predict the tectonic disaster," he said. Australian
National University report in the associated trough said there was no evidence
that the recent quake occurred around Banda Detachment. However, researchers
can not confirm.
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